def sort_by_rule(data, sort_by, limit):
    """
    根据 sort_by 参数对返回的数据排序
    """
    # 规则定义
    sort_rules = {
        "time": sort_by_time,
        "score": sort_by_score,
        "id": sort_by_id,
    }

    # 排序
    sorted_data = (
        sort_rules[sort_by](data, int(limit)) if limit else sort_rules[sort_by](data)
    )

    # 恢复格式
    for score in sorted_data:
        score["running_time"] = f"{score['running_time']}ms"
        score["time"] = score["time"].strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")

    return sorted_data


def sort_limit(data, limit):
    """
    排序和限制
    [::reverse][:end]
    """
    if limit is None:
        end = len(data)
        reverse = 1
    else:
        end = abs(limit)
        reverse = 1 if limit > 0 else -1

    return data[::reverse][:end]


def sort_by_time(data, limit=30):
    """
    按时间排序
    """
    sorted_data = sorted(data, key=lambda x: x["time"], reverse=True)
    return sort_limit(sorted_data, limit)


def sort_by_id(data, limit=None):
    """
    按学号排序，取对应的最高分，若分数相同则取最短运行时间
    """

    # 学号升序，分数降序，运行时间升序
    sorted_data = sorted(data, key=lambda x: (x["id"], -x["score"], x["running_time"]))

    # 按照姓名@学号唯一去重
    unique_students = []
    unique_students_id_name = set()
    for score in sorted_data:
        if f"{score['name']}@{score["id"]}" not in unique_students_id_name:
            unique_students.append(score)
            unique_students_id_name.add(f"{score['name']}@{score["id"]}")

    return sort_limit(unique_students, limit)


def sort_by_score(data, limit=10):
    """
    处理个人最高分，按分数降序、运行时间升序排序
    """
    # 分数降序，运行时间升序
    scores_sorted = sorted(data, key=lambda x: (-x["score"], x["running_time"]))

    # 字典去重
    best_scores_by_id = {}
    for score in scores_sorted:
        student_id = score["id"]
        if student_id not in best_scores_by_id:
            best_scores_by_id[student_id] = score

    scores = list(best_scores_by_id.values())

    return sort_limit(scores, limit)